Preguntas y Respuestas de Inmigración

Leyes
12 Mar 2026
31 Comentarios

Visas EB-2 NIW: ¿Oportunidad real o ventana temporal?

POR HÉCTOR BENÍTEZ CAÑAS

El reciente movimiento del Visa Bulletin ha generado un impacto inesperado en la comunidad migratoria: la categoría EB-2 aparece “current” para la mayoría de los países. Para miles de profesionales que llevan años esperando avanzar en su proceso de residencia, esta noticia puede representar un antes y un después. Pero también plantea una pregunta clave: ¿es una oportunidad sólida o una ventana que podría cerrarse rápidamente?

El Visa Bulletin es el documento mensual que publica el Departamento de Estado de EEUU y que determina cuándo una persona puede avanzar hacia la residencia permanente, según su categoría y país de origen. Cuando una categoría está “current”, significa que no hay lista de espera activa y que quienes sean elegibles pueden presentar su ajuste de estatus de inmediato.

Este movimiento no se veía desde hace años. La razón principal responde a un fenómeno técnico: el “spillover” de visas familiares no utilizadas hacia la categoría de empleo. En términos simples, el sistema funciona como dos baldes: si el de familia no se llena, el excedente pasa al de empleo. Además, la menor demanda en ciertos procesos consulares permitió liberar números disponibles.

La EB-2 NIW (National Interest Waiver) forma parte de la categoría EB-2. Por lo tanto, si está “current”, quienes ya tienen su I-140 aprobada —o incluso pendiente en ciertos escenarios— podrían estar en posición de presentar ajuste de estatus inmediatamente. Sin embargo, tener la I-140 aprobada no es lo mismo que tener la residencia garantizada. El ajuste implica una nueva etapa, con análisis adicionales de elegibilidad y posibles riesgos individuales.

¿Quiénes deberían prestar atención ahora? Profesionales con NIW aprobado, personas con I-140 pendiente, titulares de H-1B y quienes esperaban que su priority date avanzara. Pero también quienes, en medio de un clima de mayor fiscalización migratoria y aumento en detenciones, necesitan fortalecer su estatus antes de quedar expuestos a la incertidumbre.

Históricamente, movimientos similares han sido seguidos por “retrogression”: cuando la demanda aumenta, las fechas vuelven a retroceder. Por eso, el mayor error sería asumir que “current” significa aprobación automática o que la ventana permanecerá abierta indefinidamente.

El mensaje es claro: “current” no es garantía, es oportunidad. Y las oportunidades migratorias no se improvisan; se preparan.

Héctor Benítez Cañas es abogado de inmigración en Miami. Su firma Benme Legal se dedica a la práctica exclusiva de la Ley de Inmigración. https://www.benmelegal.org/

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