Mundial 2026: Las cinco lesiones más comunes en el fútbol
El fútbol es uno de los deportes más practicados del mundo, pero también de los que más lesiones produce, debido a los cambios bruscos de dirección, la velocidad, los saltos y el contacto físico.
La celebración del Mundial 2026 se vive en estadios y televisores, pero también en la calle, donde millones de niños, jóvenes y adultos se suman a las emociones del torneo e intentan reproducir las jugadas de sus ídolos.
“En este sentido, hay que tener en cuenta que las cinco lesiones más frecuentes son los esguinces de tobillo, las lesiones musculares —como los desgarros de isquiotibiales o cuádriceps—, las lesiones de rodilla —incluyendo el ligamento cruzado anterior—, las lesiones de menisco y las contusiones o golpes directos”, explica el Dr. Naim Dahdah, médico internista y fundador de D-Clinik.
El experto indica que un esguince de tobillo ocurre cuando los ligamentos que estabilizan la articulación se estiran o se desgarran, generalmente por una mala pisada o un cambio brusco de movimiento. Mientras, las lesiones musculares suelen producirse por fatiga, falta de calentamiento o sobrecarga física, y las de rodilla son comunes durante giros repentinos o aterrizajes incorrectos.
“La mejor prevención incluye un buen calentamiento, fortalecimiento muscular, hidratación adecuada, descanso suficiente y el uso de la técnica correcta durante el entrenamiento y la competencia”, afirma el Dr. Dahdah.
Específicamente, añade, puede ser difícil diferenciar un esguince de una fractura únicamente por los síntomas, ya que ambos pueden causar dolor, inflamación y dificultad para caminar.
“Sin embargo, una fractura suele producir dolor más intenso, incapacidad para apoyar el pie y sensibilidad directamente sobre el hueso”, señala.
En medicina se utilizan criterios clínicos conocidos como las Reglas de Ottawa para determinar cuándo es necesario realizar radiografías.
“Si existe dolor sobre ciertos puntos óseos específicos, o la persona no puede caminar al menos cuatro pasos después de la lesión, es importante descartar una fractura. Por eso, ante una lesión importante de tobillo, la evaluación médica es fundamental para establecer un diagnóstico correcto y evitar complicaciones”, apunta.
El Dr. Naim Dahdah es médico internista, experto en medicina de antienvejecimiento y fundador de D-Clinik en Miami. @drnaimdahdah.
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